00100	
00200	The MS program can create scores  with as many staves as desired,  however
00300	only up to 8 staves may appear on the CRT display at one time. Due to  the
00400	limitations of the display system it is best to deal with as few staves at
00500	a time as is convenient.  The dispayable staves are numbered zero  through
00600	7 with 0 appearing at the bottom of the screen.
00700	
00800	Each object  used  in  a  musical score  will  be  numbered  automatically
00900	according to its order of entry.   These objects are known as "Items"  and
01000	each Item will be  associated with a particular  staff number.  Each  Item
01100	will be  defined  in  terms  of  a string  of  parameters.   The  first  4
01200	parameters for each Item will conform to the following conventions.
01300	
01400	
01500		P1	will contain the special code number for each Item.
01600			For example the code number for notes is 1; 
01700			for rests, 2; for clefs, 3; etc.
01800	
01900		P2	will indicate the staff (0 to 7) to which the Item is
02000			attached.  The vertical size of a staff will determine
02100			the basic size of each Item associated with that staff.
02200	
02300		P3	will indicate the horizontal position of each Item. The
02400			normal full screen width has a range of numbers from
02500			0 to 200.  Position 100 is at the center of the screen.
02600			P3 numbers are absolute.  They are unaffected by staff
02700			size.  Floating point numbers may be used in this and
02800			most following parameters.  (The position numbers will 
02900			usually refer to the position of the left leading edge 
03000			of an object.)
03100	
03200		P4	sets the vertical position of each Item.  Vertical position
03300			will always be relative to the vertical position of the
03400			staff involved.  The position numbers are related to the
03500			numbering of the notes of the diatonic scale beginning
03600			with middle C=1.  The treble clef is assumed for this
03700			purpose.  Thus a note with P4 set to 1 would appear on
03800			the first ledger line below the staff.  The bottom line
03900			of the staff is position 3.  (The musical interval from
04000			C to E is a third.)  The first space in the staff is
04100			position 4, the top space is position 10, etc.  The analogy
04200			to musical intervals holds only when ascending from
04300			position 1.  Descending, the next position is 0 (for B
04400			below middle C), then -1 for A, -2 for G, etc.  Note that
04500			the actual clef used is not pertinent here; 1 will put a
04600			note on the first ledger line below the staff no matter
04700			what clef has appeared.  For many Items P4 will indicate
04800			the position of the bottom or middle (as with notes) of
04900			the Item, however there are many exceptions to this (clefs,
05000			rests, etc.)
05100	
05200		The  higher  parameter  numbers  will serve various functions
05300	depending on the code number (P1) involved.
05400	
05500	
05600	
     

00100		A guide to spacing may be made to appear  on  the  screen  by
00200	typing  SC  n <cr> , where n is a staff number.  (SC = spacing scale)
00300	Upward from the bottom of the screen,  on  the  far  left  side,  the
00400	numbers 0 to 7 will appear.  These refer to the numbered positions of
00500	the staves.  Horizontally, at the level of whatever staff number that
00600	has  been  given  following  SC,  the  scale is printed by tens in an
00700	abbreviated form running from 0 to 9 (= 0 to 90), 0 to 9 again (= 100
00800	to 190) and then a final 0 (= 200).  To move the scale to a different
00900	staff level just type SC n <cr> with a new value for n.  To erase the
01000	spacing  scale  entirely, type SC 99 <cr>.  It is usually a good idea
01100	to have the spacing scale visible when any editing is being done.
     

00100	
00200		Setting up the musical staff.
00300	
00400		
00500		Usually  the  first step in entering a score is to set up the
00600	staff.  The parameter list for a staff is as follows:
00700	
00800	| P1 | P2   |  P3 |   P4   |  P5  |  P6 |  P7	  |   P8   |      P9	  |
00900	|Code|Staff |Left |Relative| Size |Right|Visible, |Location|Identification|
01000	|Num.| Num. |side |vertical|factor|side |invisible|   of   |     name	  |
01100	|(8) |(Basic| of  |position|      | of  |	  |spacing |		  |
01200	|    | vert.|staff|	   |      |staff|	  |  line  |		  |
01300	|    | pos.)|     |	   |      |     |	  |	   |		  |
01400	|    |(0to7)|     |	   |      |     |	  |	   |		  |
01500	
01600		Normally a zero in P2 will put a staff near the bottom of the
01700	display.  However a staff zero may be  made  to  appear  anywhere  by
01800	changing the number in P4. The vertical spacing units used in P4 will
01900	be called "note level units." There are two note level units from one
02000	staff line to the next. Thus if P4 = 2 the staff will appear 2 levels
02100	higher than the basic position.  P4 = -10 would put the staff down 10
02200	note levels.
02300	
02400		The  actual  size of each note level unit depends on the size
02500	factor number in P5. When the program begins P5 is set to 1 for all 8
02600	staves.  If  P5  equals 2, then the size of each note level unit will
02700	double. P5 = .8 will make the note level units 80% of the basic size.
02800	The  size factor of a staff will influence every Item associated with
02900	that same staff.  Thus all the notes on a staff with P5 = .5  will be
03000	half as  large  as  the notes on a staff with P5 = 1.  The horizontal
03100	position numbers (0 to 200) are not affected by the P5 size factor of
03200	the staff.
03300	
03400		P3 and P6 control the actual width of the staff. The original
03500	values for these are 0 and 200. To make a staff occupy only the right
03600	half of the screen set P3 to 100.  (If P6 is left at 0 it becomes the
03700	default value of 200.) To make it occupy only the left half set P3 to
03800	0 and P6 to 100. The horizontal spacing units will remain constant at
03900	all times.  With most  Items  which  have  variable  left  and  right
04000	position points, such as slurs, beams, various lines, etc., P3 and P6
04100	are used to specify the left and right locations.
04200	
04300		Normally P7 is left at zero, however it is  sometimes  useful
04400	to  have items associated with a staff size factor different from any
04500	of those staves which are visible.  When P7 is set  to  1  the  staff
04600	lines will be invisible but whatever values are given to P4 (vertical
04700	note level position) and P5 (size factor will then serve as the bases
04800	for all items using the same staff number (P2.)
04900	
     

00100	
00200		P8 is used to aid in spacing groups of  staves  when  several
00300	separate  display  units  (files) are assembled to print a full page.
00400	The use of this feature will be explained later.
00500	
00600		P9 can be made to hold a special identification name for each
00700	staff.  These names are needed  when  the  automatic  part-extraction
00800	program is used.  This program will be dealt with later.
00900	
01000		The following examples should be tried  to  gain  familiarity
01100	with the  staff  placement.  All entries must be terminated with <cr>
01200	(the return key.)
01300	
01400		To start  the  operation  of the program type R MS <cr>.  The
01500	program will respond with "TYPE FOR ITEM 1". To put the spacing scale
01600	on the  screen  type  SC0 <cr>.  The scale will appear and the prompt
01700	will be repeated.
01800	
01900		Then type 8 <cr>.
     

00100		You now have a full-length staff at position zero, the bottom
00200	of  the  screen,  with  a  size factor of 1.  Since only P1 (the code
00300	number) has been given here all the default values for the  remaining
00400	parameters are assumed by the program.  Now try,
00500	
00600		8 5 50 (always followed by <cr>.)
00700	
00800		In this case a staff will appear at staff position 5 with the
00900	left  end  located  1/4  of the way (horizontal position 50) from the
01000	left side of the screen.
01100	
01200		8 3 0 0 .8
01300	
01400		This will put a staff  at  position  3,  the  middle  of  the
01500	screen,  vertically.  The size factor, in P5, will cause the staff to
01600	be 80% of the vertical size of the other staves.  Now try,
01700	
01800		8 7 0 0 1.1 100
01900	
02000		This will put a staff near the top of the screen, position 7.
02100	The size factor, 1.1, will  cause  it  to  be  10%  larger  than  the
02200	standard  and the 100 in P6 will cause the right side of the staff to
02300	end at the center of the screen.  The screen nw looks like this.
02400	
     

00100	Editing
00200	
00300		Any of  the items appearing on the screen may be edited.  The
00400	several methods for locating the parameters of particular items  will
00500	be explained  later.  Each item is given a number internally as it is
00600	entered.  To bring forth an item for editing simply type "I" followed
00700	by the proper number. Thus typing I1 <cr> will make a cursor (marker)
00800	appear at the left leading edge of the first staff entered.  Also the
00900	list of  parameters  for that item will be printed on the screen.  At
01000	this point any of  the  parameters  may  be  changed  by  typing  the
01100	parameter number followed by the change desired.
01200	
01300		If  4  1 is typed the new vertical position of the staff will
01400	appear superimposed on the original staff. Since P4 now has a 1 in it
01500	the whole staff has been moved up 1 note level unit. The lines of the
01600	new form of the staff will appear in the spaces of the original form.
01700	The original parameter list will print out once more. Now if "X" (for
01800	"exit from edit mode") is typed the original form of the  staff  will
01900	disappear leaving  only  the altered version.  The list of parameters
02000	will also disappear.  The screen will say  "TYPE FOR ITEM 5",  (there
02100	are already  4 items on the screen.)  New items may now be entered or
02200	further editing may be done.
02300	
02400		To re-edit  the  first  staff  type "I1" again.  (No space is
02500	needed between I and 1.)  The parameter list for item 1 will now show
02600	a 1 in P4.  If 4 -1 is typed the staff will appear 2 note level units
02700	below its current position.  4 3 will superimpose it  2  note  levels
02800	above its  current position.  In all these cases an absolute value is
02900	being given for P4.  Relative values may be given by adding two zeros
03000	to the parameter  number.  (Or, if you prefer, PnX100.)  Thus, typing
03100	400 -3 will cause the edited version of the  staff  to  move  down  3
03200	units from  whatever  level  it may be at.  If all the previous steps
03300	have been typed as indicated the edited position will now be at level
03400	zero.
03500	
03600		Several parameters may be changed at one time by typing pairs
03700	of numbers. The parameter numbers need not be given in order.  3 10 6
03800	190 400 4 will move the left and right sides of the staff (P3 and P6)
03900	each  in  toward the center by 10 horizontal units and the staff will
04000	be moved up by 4 note level units.  (P4 is listed as 400 to  cause  a
04100	relative  shift.)  Typing  an  "X"  will once more exit from the edit
04200	mode.
     

00100	
00200	
00300	
00400	
00500	
00600	
00700	
00800	
00900	
01000	
01100	
01200	
01300	
01400	
01500	
01600	
01700	
01800	
01900	
02000	
02100	
02200	
02300	
02400	
02500	
02600	
02700	
02800	
02900	
03000	
03100	
03200	
03300	
03400	
03500	
03600	
03700	
03800	
03900	
04000	
04100	
04200		If nothing is typed at this point and instead of an "X"  (for
04300	exit)  the  <cr>  key is struck the editing of item 1 will cease, the
04400	old form of item 1 will disappear leaving only the  edited  form  and
04500	the  cursor  will  move  on  to item 2 and its parameter list will be
04600	printed.  Further carriage returns will step  through  the  items  in
04700	order.  When  there are no more items found the cursor will no longer
04800	appear (you will be out of edit mode) and the program will  wait  for
04900	other commands.
05000	
     

00100		To edit the last item entered or edited no number  is  needed
00200	after  the  letter  I.  In this set of examples typing I <cr> will go
00300	into edit mode for item 4.  To back up from this point, -2  <cr>  (no
00400	"I")  will move to item 2, or I2 <cr> would do the same thing.  These
00500	last mentioned commands will work only if there have been no  changes
00600	made  in the item currently indicated by the cursor.  If changes have
00700	been made single negative numbers or the letter I will be ignored  by
00800	the  program.  The only valid commands are further parameter changes,
00900	an "X" or <cr> to terminate the editing of  that  item,  the  letters
01000	L,R,U,D,  the  letter  "C"  (for  COPY),  "P" followed by a parameter
01100	number or "DEL".
01200	
01300		The letters L, R, U and D, followed by a number, may be  used
01400	for  moving  an  item  left, right, up or down. L6 <cr>, for example,
01500	would move an item 6 units to the left. D4 would move it 4 note level
01600	units down. L5.5 U7 <cr> would move it left 5.5 units and up 7 units.
01700	If no number is given after one of these letters the number last used
01800	for  that  coordinate  will  be  applied. D6 will move an item down 6
01900	units. If U <cr> is then typed the item will go up 6 units - or  back
02000	to  its  original  position. When no number is used only one of these
02100	letter commands may be used at a time.
02200	
02300		With "C" the original form of the item remains unchanged  and
02400	a  copy  of the item in the edited form is added on to the total list
02500	of items. Here a special situation arises when dealing  with  staves.
02600	The  only point in using "C" with staves is if the list of parameters
02700	changes includes a change in P2, the staff number.  For example, type
02800	I1.  The parameter list will now show:
02900	
03000		8 0 10 4 0 190	(The  size factor is actually 1 even though a
03100	zero appears in P5.)
03200	
03300		Then type 2 1 400 -6. This will put the edited form of item 1
03400	up  to  staff  position 1 but with a relative shift down 6 note level
03500	units from where it would otherwise appear. Now C <cr> will make this
03600	form  of  item 1 into item 5 and the program will exit from edit mode
03700	and say, "TYPE FOR ITEM 6".
     

00100		Each  time  parameters  are  changed  while  in edit mode the
00200	original list of parameters is printed out.  To see the exact  edited
00300	value of any parameter, type Pn, where n is a parameter number.  Only
00400	one parameter at a time may be examined in this manner.
00500	
00600		Once in edit mode, an item may be deleted by typing DEL <cr>.
00700	If  any  changes have been made before, this command will be ignored.
00800	So to delete item 2, type I2 <cr>, then DEL <cr>.  Item 2 (the  staff
00900	that  was at position 5) has now disappeared and the cursor has moved
01000	on to the next item.  Internally, all the items  are  now  renumbered
01100	from this item on.  If this next item is not to be changed, then type
01200	X to exit from edit mode.
01300